2026/02/03
Under the global consensus on sustainable agricultural development, transforming organic waste such as livestock manure into high-value organic-inorganic compound fertilizers has become a crucial link connecting animal husbandry, the fertilizer industry, and crop cultivation. This extended industrial chain is not only a technological innovation but also an engineering practice of the ecological concept of "material recycling and turning waste into treasure." Its core lies in the scientific integration of the ecological functions of organic matter with the precise supply of chemical fertilizers.
Raw Material Revolution: Transformation from Pollution Source to Nutrient Source
The starting point of the industrial chain is the thorough transformation of organic waste such as livestock manure. Untreated fresh manure has a high water content (usually 70%-85%), contains many pathogenic bacteria, and has an unbalanced carbon-nitrogen ratio. Direct application to the field poses risks such as seedling burning and the spread of pests and diseases. Therefore, efficient and stable aerobic fermentation is a necessary step.
Modern fermentation processes are carried out in closed tank or membrane reactors. Through forced ventilation and turning, the temperature is precisely controlled in the high-temperature range of 55-65℃ and maintained for 15-20 days. The core scientific principle of this process is that high temperature effectively kills pathogenic bacteria and weed seeds; microbial activity converts unstable organic matter into stable humus; at the same time, complex organic matter is broken down into smaller molecules that are more easily absorbed by crops. Taking chicken manure as an example, after thorough composting, its organic matter content can reach 45%-60%, and it contains approximately 1.5%-2.5% nitrogen (N), 1.5%-2.0% phosphorus (P₂O₅), and 1.0%-1.5% potassium (K₂O), becoming a basic organic fertilizer itself.
The fermented material needs to undergo deep dehydration and ultra-fine grinding. Drying is usually used to reduce the moisture content to below 15%, and then it is crushed to over 60 mesh using a chain crusher. This treatment greatly improves the physical properties of the material, allowing it to be evenly mixed with powdered inorganic fertilizers, avoiding stratification and uneven granulation problems in the subsequent granulation process. Process Integration: The Scientific Combination of Organic and Inorganic Materials
The essence of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer production lies in the physical mixing and granulation of pre-treated organic raw materials with chemical fertilizers in scientific proportions. This is not simple mixing, but a systematic design based on crop nutritional needs and soil improvement goals.
Formula design is the primary scientific step. Taking the production of a general-purpose product with an organic matter content of ≥20% and a total nutrient content (N+P₂O₅+K₂O) of ≥30% as an example, the designer needs to perform precise calculations:
Organic component: If using composted chicken manure with an organic matter content of 50%, to contribute 20% of the finished product's organic matter, its proportion needs to account for 40% of the total finished product.
Inorganic component: The remaining 60% of the "space" is used to supplement nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium to the target total nutrient content. Raw materials such as urea, monoammonium phosphate, and potassium chloride are selected, and their quantities are calculated to meet the 30% total nutrient requirement and balance the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium ratio (such as the common 15-7-8).
Mixing and granulation present technical challenges. Organic matter has low density and high fiber content, which can easily lead to uneven mixing. Therefore, a high-intensity twin-shaft paddle mixer is required, and the mixing time should be appropriately extended. Drum granulation, which is highly adaptable to raw materials, is often used for granulation. During the granulation process, the inherent viscosity of the composted organic matter, combined with an appropriate amount of steam (or water) as a binding agent, allows for good agglomeration with the inorganic salt powder. The key technology lies in controlling the amount of steam, ensuring both a high granulation rate and preventing excessive moisture that could lead to excessive drying load or overly soft granules.
Product Advantages: Achieving a "1+1>2" Synergistic Effect
The granular fertilizer produced by this process achieves a perfect combination of fast-acting and long-lasting effects, and simultaneous land use and soil improvement.
"Fast and slow" nutrient supply: After application to the soil, the chemical fertilizer component dissolves quickly, providing the nutrients needed for early crop growth, addressing the shortcomings of slow-acting pure organic fertilizers; while the organic matter component continuously and slowly releases nutrients under the action of microorganisms, and produces humic acid and other active substances, playing a role in stabilizing fertilizer supply and preventing nutrient loss in the middle and later stages. A "holistic approach" to soil health: Chemical fertilizers provide the "symptomatic treatment" by supplying direct nutrients; organic matter improves the "root cause"—the soil's physical structure (increasing aggregate formation and improving aeration), chemical properties (enhancing nutrient and water retention capacity, and buffering pH), and biological characteristics (increasing microbial diversity and activity). For example, long-term application can significantly alleviate soil compaction, acidification, and declining soil fertility caused by the sole application of chemical fertilizers.
"Double benefits" for the environment and economy: From an environmental perspective, it treats livestock and poultry manure and other waste harmlessly and resourcefully, reducing non-point source pollution and greenhouse gas (methane) emissions. From an economic perspective, it increases the value of waste, creating new profit opportunities for farms; at the same time, its products can reduce fertilizer use by approximately 15%-30% (under equivalent nutrient conditions), improving fertilizer utilization efficiency and reducing farmers' input costs.
Value and prospects of supply chain extension
The extension of the supply chain from livestock and poultry manure to organic-inorganic compound fertilizers creates a four-in-one closed-loop system of "farming-environmental protection-fertilizer-planting." It not only opens up new markets for professional fertilizer equipment manufacturers but also promotes the transformation of agriculture towards a green and circular direction.
With increased policy support from the Chinese government for the resource utilization of livestock and poultry manure, and the growing market demand for high-quality, functional fertilizers, this technological path is demonstrating strong vitality. In the future, combined with advanced technologies such as the addition of biological agents and nutrient element chelation, organic-inorganic compound fertilizers will continue to develop in a more targeted and comprehensive direction, becoming a solid pillar for ensuring food security and soil health.
The manufacturing of npk fertilizer that integrates composted organics relies on a complete npk fertilizer production line. This systematic npk fertilizer production process begins with precise formulation. The finely ground organic base is uniformly combined with powdered N, P, and K sources using a high-intensity fertilizer mixer machine or, for dry blending operations, an npk blending machine (also known as a bulk blending fertilizer machine or npk bulk blending machine). The heart of the line is the granulation stage, which leverages advanced npk granulation machine technology. The mixed materials are fed into the core npk fertilizer granulator machine (a type of npk granulation machine such as a rotary drum), where they are agglomerated into uniform granules. This npk fertilizer production technology is supported by a full suite of auxiliary units—including dryers, coolers, and coaters—that together form the complete set of npk fertilizer granulator machine equipment, enabling the efficient, large-scale production of high-quality organic-inorganic compound fertilizers.